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TatraT138
The Tatra T138 was a truck produced in Czechoslovakia by the Tatra company. The immediate successor to the legendary Tatra T111, the model introduced a number of new features while continuing the evolution of Tatra concept. The truck was produced from 1959 to 1971.
T 138
Tatra 138 S1
Manufacturer Tatra
Predecessor Tatra T111
Successor Tatra T148
Class Heavy Truck
Body style(s)Conventional
Engine(s)V8 diesel
Electric range24 V 500 W generator, 24 V 4.4 kW starter motor
History
The decision to replace the Tatra T111 was made in 1952 as part of a central state planning economy, where Tatra Kopřivnice was to produce 7-10 ton utility trucks. In 1956 at II. Czechoslovak Machinery Expo in Brno, Tatra exhibited 2 new models, the T137 and T138. Both vehicles had up to 70% of parts in common across the range. New design features were introduced, such as improvement in driver environment and usability e.g. hydraulic power steering, a compressed air assisted clutch and electro-pneumatic auxiliary gearbox gear selection.
Design and Technology
The design was of central backbone tube construction with modular power train concept in 4x4 and 6x6 configuration. The main advantages of central load carrying backbone tube are in its high torsion and bend strength protecting truck body against load stresses. The secondary advantage is that it houses all important parts of the drive train. In addition, it enables a concept of modular construction where designers and customers can specify 4, 6, wheel drive and various length and wheelbase combinations.
Engine
The engine was located ahead of the front axle. It featured an Aircooled V8 with dry sump design and a new featured thermostat controlled cooling fan by engine oil temperature via hydraulic clutch drive to reduce noise and fuel consumption. The engine was also used in the OT-64 APC.
T 928
Engine T138
Manufacturer Tatra
Type:V8
Bore:120 mm (4.7 in)
Stroke:130 mm (5.1 in)
Displacement:11,762 cc
Dry weight:595 kg (1,312 lb)
Block alloy:Cast iron
Head alloy:Aluminium alloy
Valvetrain:OHV
Fuel system: Direct injection
Fuel type: Diesel
Cooling system:Aircooled
Power output:132.5 kW @ 2000 rpm
Torque output:720 N·m (530 ft·lbf) @ 1200 rpm
Compression ratio:16.5:1
Fuel consumption:36 L/100 km (7.8 mpg imp/6.5 mpg US)
Chassis
Central backbone tube, front and rear axles with independent swing half axles. The front suspension by torque arms (torsion bars) and hydraulic shock absorbers. The rear suspension by longitudinal half elliptic leaf springs. Front axle drive selectable on demand, differential locks electro-pneumatically controlled via dash switches.
T 138 chassis
Transmision
Main gearbox - 5+1 (2-5 gear synchronized)
Auxiliary gearbox - 2 speed (half split electro-pneumatic control)
Step down transfer case
Clutch - 2x plate dry
Brakes
Main wheel brakes ----> dual circuit full air drum brakes
Park brake ----> mechanical via output shaft at the back of the gearbox
Supplementary brake ----> exhaust brake electro-pneumatically controlled
Bodywork
All steel cab construction with various body builder equipment such as tippers, flatbeds, concrete mixers, tankers, cranes, excavators and firefighting. The vehicle had a top speed of 72 km/h, capable of water crossing depth 800 mm (31 in), with maximum payload of 12,000 kg (26,500 lb) and could tow trailers up to 15,000 kg (33,100 lb) GCM.
Production
Total production exceeded 45,900. The Tatra T138 was exported to theUSSR, Bulgaria, Romania, Poland, France, Austria and the Netherlands
Primary variants:
T138 S1 - one-way tipper
T138 S3 - three-way tipper
T138 V,VN - civilian and military flatbed
T138 P1V - military special
T138 CAS - firefighting unit
T138 PP6V - excavator
T138 PP5, PP4V, PP7 - tanker
T138 P3, P11, P18, PP2, PP5, PP6, PP7, PP8V - crane
T138 PP7 - concrete mixer
T138 VVN
T138 CAS fire
T 138
Tatra 138 S1
Manufacturer Tatra
Predecessor Tatra T111
Successor Tatra T148
Class Heavy Truck
Body style(s)Conventional
Engine(s)V8 diesel
Electric range24 V 500 W generator, 24 V 4.4 kW starter motor
History
The decision to replace the Tatra T111 was made in 1952 as part of a central state planning economy, where Tatra Kopřivnice was to produce 7-10 ton utility trucks. In 1956 at II. Czechoslovak Machinery Expo in Brno, Tatra exhibited 2 new models, the T137 and T138. Both vehicles had up to 70% of parts in common across the range. New design features were introduced, such as improvement in driver environment and usability e.g. hydraulic power steering, a compressed air assisted clutch and electro-pneumatic auxiliary gearbox gear selection.
Design and Technology
The design was of central backbone tube construction with modular power train concept in 4x4 and 6x6 configuration. The main advantages of central load carrying backbone tube are in its high torsion and bend strength protecting truck body against load stresses. The secondary advantage is that it houses all important parts of the drive train. In addition, it enables a concept of modular construction where designers and customers can specify 4, 6, wheel drive and various length and wheelbase combinations.
Engine
The engine was located ahead of the front axle. It featured an Aircooled V8 with dry sump design and a new featured thermostat controlled cooling fan by engine oil temperature via hydraulic clutch drive to reduce noise and fuel consumption. The engine was also used in the OT-64 APC.
T 928
Engine T138
Manufacturer Tatra
Type:V8
Bore:120 mm (4.7 in)
Stroke:130 mm (5.1 in)
Displacement:11,762 cc
Dry weight:595 kg (1,312 lb)
Block alloy:Cast iron
Head alloy:Aluminium alloy
Valvetrain:OHV
Fuel system: Direct injection
Fuel type: Diesel
Cooling system:Aircooled
Power output:132.5 kW @ 2000 rpm
Torque output:720 N·m (530 ft·lbf) @ 1200 rpm
Compression ratio:16.5:1
Fuel consumption:36 L/100 km (7.8 mpg imp/6.5 mpg US)
Chassis
Central backbone tube, front and rear axles with independent swing half axles. The front suspension by torque arms (torsion bars) and hydraulic shock absorbers. The rear suspension by longitudinal half elliptic leaf springs. Front axle drive selectable on demand, differential locks electro-pneumatically controlled via dash switches.
- Front track = 1,930 mm (76.0 in)
- Rear track = 1,752 mm (69.0 in)
- Wheelbase = model specific
- Tatra T138 6x6 PP2, P3, PP6 = 4,260 mm (167.7 in)+1,320 mm (52.0 in)
- Tatra T138 6x6 PR14, PPR S3, PR S1, P19 = 3,690 mm (145.3 in)+1,320 mm (52.0 in)
- Tatra T138 4x4 = 4,550 mm (179.1 in)
- Ground clearance = 290 mm (11.4 in)
T 138 chassis
Transmision
Main gearbox - 5+1 (2-5 gear synchronized)
Auxiliary gearbox - 2 speed (half split electro-pneumatic control)
Step down transfer case
Clutch - 2x plate dry
Brakes
Main wheel brakes ----> dual circuit full air drum brakes
Park brake ----> mechanical via output shaft at the back of the gearbox
Supplementary brake ----> exhaust brake electro-pneumatically controlled
Bodywork
All steel cab construction with various body builder equipment such as tippers, flatbeds, concrete mixers, tankers, cranes, excavators and firefighting. The vehicle had a top speed of 72 km/h, capable of water crossing depth 800 mm (31 in), with maximum payload of 12,000 kg (26,500 lb) and could tow trailers up to 15,000 kg (33,100 lb) GCM.
Production
Total production exceeded 45,900. The Tatra T138 was exported to theUSSR, Bulgaria, Romania, Poland, France, Austria and the Netherlands
Primary variants:
T138 S1 - one-way tipper
T138 S3 - three-way tipper
T138 V,VN - civilian and military flatbed
T138 P1V - military special
T138 CAS - firefighting unit
T138 PP6V - excavator
T138 PP5, PP4V, PP7 - tanker
T138 P3, P11, P18, PP2, PP5, PP6, PP7, PP8V - crane
T138 PP7 - concrete mixer
T138 VVN
T138 CAS fire